There are more than 1,500 manufacturers, more than 3,000 varieties, equipment production capacity of 3 million tons / year. It is estimated that in 2000, the output of adhesives and sealants in China could reach 2.5 million tons (see Table 1). It has become one of the fastest-growing key industries in China's chemical industry. Among the adhesives produced in 1999, the production of triacetal (urea-formaldehyde, phenolic, and melamine-formaldehyde resin) gels was still the largest, accounting for 44% and 30% of the total, respectively, while neoprene, which was highly polluted With glue and 107 glue, the annual output decreased by 25,000 tons compared with 1998. Judging from the adhesives market, the wood processing industry used the largest amount, accounting for 61.1% of the total rubber in 1999, followed by the construction industry, accounting for 20.8%, and the post-packaging and footwear industries accounted for 5.3% and 4%, respectively, in recent years. The use of plastics increased rapidly from 0.4% in 1996 to 1.3% in 1999. 2.2.1 Concentration of large-scale enterprises in the production of adhesives At present, the world's largest 10 adhesive manufacturers control more than one-third of the world's synthetic adhesive market. There are more than 1,500 adhesive production plants in the mainland, and the output value is only 7% of the world's total. The production is highly fragmented, the product quality is not high, and the technical content is low. The majority of township and private enterprises do not meet the requirements of environmental protection, the scientific and technological power is weak, the management level of the enterprise is low, the equipment is old and simple, and the investment in scientific research and development is insufficient, and it is difficult to achieve sustainable development. With increasingly fierce market competition and increasingly stringent environmental protection, users are increasingly demanding product quality and performance, and workshop-type small-scale production enterprises will be eliminated. Synthetic adhesive production will be concentrated in enterprises with higher levels and upper scale. Incomplete statistics: In 1998, there were nearly 100 in the country. In 1999, more than 120 adhesive production enterprises were shut down and transferred. As China's accession to the WTO and the implementation of the environmental protection law and product quality law have increased, the process will increase. Will be further accelerated. 2.2.2 Environmental Adhesives Will Become Mainstream of Synthetic Adhesives With the increasingly stringent environmental protection regulations in China, environmental friendly adhesives are gradually becoming the mainstream of synthetic adhesive products. Their performance is as follows: (1) Polyvinyl alcohol formaldehyde adhesive (ie, 107 glue) is one of the major varieties of synthetic adhesives in China. It is mainly used for architectural decoration. The adhesive has long been banned in developed countries because it contains free formaldehyde and damages human health. Due to the low price of this product, it is used in large quantities in our country. In 1998, the consumption reached 190,000 tons, and in 1999 it was 180,000 tons, a decrease of 5.3%. With the increase of environmental protection awareness of consumers and the increased enforcement of relevant departments, 107 will be reduced year by year and it is believed that it will be eliminated in the near future. (2) The largest synthetic adhesive in China is urea-formaldehyde. Most of the wood processing plants produce their own products. Poor professional production, low technical level, high formaldehyde release products, 4-5 times higher than international standards, great harm to consumers physical and mental. At present, China is formulating national standards that are in line with international standards and has been implemented in some key enterprises. There are a few production plants, especially the foreign-made urea-formaldehyde formaldehyde content of foreign-funded enterprises can be reduced to 0.1% or less. Shandong Heli Chemical Co., Ltd., Jilin Tonghua Forestry Chemical Plant The powdery urea formaldehyde resin production equipment imported from Germany has been put into trial production. The formaldehyde emission of the products can reach the international E1 level standard, and the product quality has the international advanced level. Industrial development provides raw material guarantees. Therefore, we believe that during the "10th Five-Year Plan" period, urea-formaldehyde adhesives that meet international standards will be the leading products. (3) Neoprene is a traditional type of bulk adhesive in China. It is commonly known as all-purpose adhesive. It is mainly used in the footwear industry, decoration industry and wood processing industry. Neoprene contains a large number of toxic and harmful organic solvents, and has poor adhesion to soft PVC, thermoplastic elastomers, polyurethanes and other new footwear materials. It has not been adapted to the needs of the footwear industry. In the developed countries, footwear adhesives have been completely Use polyurethane adhesive and hot melt adhesive. In recent years, as China's efforts to implement environmental protection laws and regulations continue to increase, the demand for neoprene adhesives will decrease year by year. In 1999, the output was 205,000 tons, a 6.8% decrease from 1998. (4) Water-based glue contains no organic solvents and no pollution. It is an environment-friendly adhesive. In recent years, it has developed rapidly in China. The output increased from 487,000 tons in 1997 to 681,000 tons in 1999, and the average annual growth rate was 18.4%. , is one of the fastest growing types of plastic, while the increase in output, product quality continues to increase, more varieties, some high technical content, better performance adhesives continue to emerge. Such as cold resistance and good water resistance white latex, scrub resistance, pollution resistance and good water resistance silicone modified acrylic emulsion for construction. At present, in addition to commonly used acrylic, polyvinyl acetate and VAE emulsions, research and development of polyurethane emulsions and rubber emulsions have also made progress, and they will have very good prospects for development. (5) Hot-melt adhesives and hot melt pressure-sensitive adhesives Hot-melt adhesives have no pollution, rapid curing, wide adhesive surface, are suitable for continuous production, and are easy to store and transport. Therefore, the rapid development in recent years, the output increased from 28,400 tons in 1997 to 47,000 tons in 1999, the average annual growth rate of 30.1%, is China's fastest growing plastic seed. In developed countries, hot-melt adhesives (including hot-melt pressure-sensitive adhesives) account for more than 20% of the total amount of synthetic adhesives, and China accounts for only 3%. Therefore, there will be great development in the future. In addition to traditional EVA hot-melt adhesives, polyester (PET) and polyamide (PA) hot-melt adhesives have also developed rapidly. Hot melt pressure-sensitive adhesives based on SIS resin elastomers have been used in China in recent years. Developed, it is mainly used for women's sanitary napkins, diapers for the elderly and children, double-sided tapes and trademarks, etc. It has a large market. 2.2.3 High-performance adhesives will develop rapidly
1 The status quo and development trend of synthetic adhesives in the world
The synthetic adhesive industry in the developed countries of the world has entered a highly developed stage, with an average growth rate of around 3% in the 1990s. In 1998, global sales of synthetic adhesives amounted to approximately US$25 billion. Among them, the United States accounts for approximately 35% of global sales, Western Europe accounts for 25%, Japan accounts for 15%, and China accounts for only 7%. The global consumption structure accounts for 35% of packaging, 25% of construction, 20% of wood processing, 10% of automobile transportation, and 10% of others. It is estimated that between 2000 and 2005, the synthetic adhesives industry in developed countries will still maintain a 3% growth rate. Henkel is the world's largest synthetic adhesives company with annual sales of more than $2 billion. In recent years, due to the continuous expansion of China's adhesive market, many foreign companies and Hong Kong and Taiwan manufacturers are optimistic about the huge market in China's mainland, and have invested in China to establish wholly-owned and joint ventures. In order to comply with increasingly stringent environmental regulations, developed countries have vigorously developed and developed water-based and hot-melt adhesives such as solvent-free adhesives. In 1998, on the market of synthetic adhesives in developed countries, water-based adhesives accounted for 50%, hot-melt adhesives accounted for about 20%, and solvent-based adhesives accounted for only 20%. In the future, the global synthetic adhesive market will be dominated by low-pollution water-based adhesives and hot melt adhesives. In other words, environmentally friendly synthetic adhesives will be the hot commodity in the adhesive market. At present, due to the strict quality requirements for adhesives and harsh construction conditions in the construction and automotive industries, developed countries are committed to the development of new types of high-performance, high-quality rubber, and have made great progress. Received very good economic benefits. In recent years, although the annual growth rate of synthetic adhesive production in developed countries is relatively low, their sales have increased rapidly. The main reason is that they have developed huge economic benefits from high-performance synthetic adhesives. High performance synthetic adhesives include epoxy adhesives, silicones, polyurethane adhesives, modified acrylic adhesives, anaerobic adhesives, and radiation cured adhesives. In order to improve product quality, simplify the operation process, and improve construction efficiency, developed countries have developed a series of special equipment. This not only provides users with better construction tools for synthetic adhesives, but also creates important conditions for the continuous development of the adhesive industry.
2 The status quo and development trend of China's synthetic adhesive industry
2.1 Industry Status
Since the reform and opening up, China's mainland adhesive industry has achieved rapid development and considerable progress. Its output has grown rapidly. The level of production technology and product quality have greatly improved. New products and technologies have emerged continuously, and the fields of application continue to widen, resulting in the production of synthetic adhesives. It has increased from 1.33 million tons in 1996 to 2.27 million tons in 1999, with an average annual growth rate of 19,5% and an output value of 15.3 billion yuan.
In the future, polyurethane adhesives, hot-melt adhesives, and silicone sealants used in such pillar industries as automotive, construction, and electronics will have great development. In recent years, China's adhesive import and export volume has also witnessed new growth. According to incomplete statistics, in 1999, the output of various types of adhesives for export was approximately 32,000 tons, approximately US$38.4 million, mainly polyacrylate emulsions, polyvinyl acetate emulsions, and cyanide. Base acrylate adhesives and hot melt pressure sensitive adhesives. The main countries and regions for export are Japan, South Korea, the United States, Southeast Asia, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. In 1999, China imported about 167,000 tons of various types of adhesives and raw materials, worth about US$230 million, mainly hot melt adhesives, hot melt pressure sensitive adhesives, polyurethane adhesives, silicone sealants, high-strength acrylate adhesives, and automotive PVC. Plastic sol and so on. It is mainly imported from the United States, Germany, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and other countries and regions. At present, China's synthetic adhesive production is very decentralized, with as many as 1,500 production companies, of which the scale of products, but the level of the top 100 manufacturers, since the reform and opening up, township and private enterprises, foreign-funded enterprises have developed rapidly, especially the three-funded The sudden emergence of enterprises has not only promoted the development of China's adhesive industry, but also greatly improved the production technology level of China's adhesive industry, and filled the gaps of some adhesive products. Now, there are six of the world's top ten famous adhesive manufacturers in China. Investment, the establishment of joint venture or wholly-owned enterprises, they are: Henkel, Ciba, AtoFindley, 3M, NationalStarch and HBFuller company. At present, China has basically formed the situation of state-owned enterprises, township enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises.
2.2 Development Trend
Development Trend and Solution of Adhesive Industry in China
Synthetic adhesives have a wide range of applications, easy to use, and many benefits of higher economic efficiency. With the development of economy and advancement of science and technology, synthetic adhesives are increasingly replacing mechanical couplings. Their applications have been extended to wood, processing, construction, automotive, light industry, apparel, packaging, printing and binding, electronics, communications, and aerospace. Aviation, machinery manufacturing, daily life and other fields. Has now become a very promising chemical industry.
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