The frame-shear structure is a structural form commonly used in the design of contemporary high-rise buildings. It is called "frame-shear wall structure". This structure is to arrange a certain number of shear walls in the frame structure to form a flexible and free use The space meets the requirements of different building functions, and a sufficient number of shear walls make the building itself have considerable rigidity. The frame-shear structure can be applied to high-rise buildings with multiple functions, such as office buildings, apartments, residences, restaurants, etc. 1. Stress characteristics of frame shear structure The stress characteristics of the frame-shear structure are the new force-bearing structure forms composed of two different anti-side force structures of the frame and the shear wall structure. The displacement of the shear wall on the lower floor is small, and it pulls the frame according to the curved curve Deformation, the shear wall bears most of the horizontal force, the upper floor is the opposite, the displacement of the shear wall is getting larger and larger, there is a tendency of the outside, and the frame has the tendency of adduction, the frame tensile shear wall deforms according to the shear curve In addition to the horizontal force generated by the load, the frame also bears the additional horizontal force that pulls the shear wall back. The shear wall not only does not bear the horizontal force generated by the load, but also bears the negative shear because it gives the frame an additional horizontal force. Force, so even if the floor shear force generated by the external load on the upper floor is very small, a considerable shear force appears in the frame. 2. Frame shear structure shear wall layout The shear wall in the frame shear wall structure can be set separately, and can also use walls such as elevator shafts, stairwells, and pipe shafts. Generally speaking, the more shear walls are arranged, the more favorable the earthquake resistance is, but the increase is unlimited. Shear wall will increase the cost, and can not give full play to the advantages of frame shear structure. In addition, we know that after increasing the shear wall, the structural rigidity increases and the natural vibration period will be shortened. In general, the natural vibration period of our buildings should be between Tg and 5Tg (Tg is the characteristic period). In this section, the shortened period will increase the seismic effect, and the amplitude is quite large, and the consumption of materials will be greatly increased. So what is the reasonable number of shear walls? In theory, when both meet the requirements of the specification, the minimum number of shear walls is optimal. Meet the displacement limit requirements of the specification, satisfy the seismic overturning moment of the shear wall is not less than 50% of the total overturning moment, and in order to make the frame fully function, satisfy the frame shear stress of not less than 0.2Fek, the shear wall at this time The quantity is the most reasonable. The main points of the application of the frame-seismic wall structure in practical engineering are: the number of seismic walls should meet the stiffness, that is, the displacement limit between floors, and the position is relatively flexible. ", Should comply with the specific provisions of the specification. In the planning stage, the shear wall is arranged conceptually. "High Regulations" 8.1.7 and 8.18 are some of the conceptual requirements for the arrangement of shear walls in frame-shear structures. Combining some of my own experiences, talk about the steps to lay out shear walls: first consider the perimeter of the building. Arrange them evenly on all four sides, then consider the elevator room in the building, and then consider some corners of the plane, and finally look at the places where the spacing of the shear walls is large, dotted with one or two walls. It is better to arrange the shear wall in a non-line shape, and arrange it in both directions. It should be short and not long. Personally think that as long as the minimum length of the general shear wall is met at the beginning of the layout, it can be lengthened according to the calculation requirements. The planes arranged according to this requirement look very comfortable. In short, the shear wall layout in the frame-shear structure should be purposeful and embellishment, and avoid arranging large-scale shear walls as soon as they come up. SATWE calculation results in the calculation phase: (1) Cycle Reasonable range of the first cycle, "National Technical Measures" talks about 0.08 ~ 0.12N (N is the number of layers), beyond this range, indicating that the structure is too rigid or too soft, too many or too few shear walls, can be corresponding Of course, within this range, it is better to have a longer cycle. The period ratio does not meet the specification requirements, indicating that the torsional stiffness of the structure is relatively small compared to the lateral stiffness, the torsion effect is too large, and the arrangement of the structural anti-lateral force members is unreasonable. Adjust and change the structure layout to improve the torsional rigidity of the structure; the general adjustment principle is to strengthen the rigidity of the peripheral wall, column or beam of the structure, and appropriately weaken the rigidity of the intermediate wall and column of the structure. (2) Shear to weight ratio Whether the shear-to-weight ratio meets the requirements of the specification, not satisfying indicates that the stiffness is insufficient and the seismic force is too small. It can be adjusted according to the following three situations: a) When the earthquake shear force is relatively small and the lateral displacement angle between the layers is too large, it means that the structure is too soft, and it is appropriate to increase the wall and column sections appropriately to increase the rigidity; b) When the seismic shear force is too large and the lateral displacement angle between the layers is too small, it means that the structure is too rigid, and it is appropriate to reduce the wall and column sections appropriately and reduce the rigidity to obtain appropriate economic and technical indicators; c) When the seismic shear force is small and the lateral displacement angle between floors is appropriate, you can enter a factor greater than 1 in the "Enlargement Factor for Seismic Action of the Whole Building" in the "Adjustment Information" of SATWE to increase the seismic action to meet the shear Weight ratio requirements. 3. Displacement The displacement angle between layers should not be greater than 1/800, which is also an indicator to measure the lateral stiffness of the structure. If it is too large or too small, you should find this position first and then adjust accordingly. The displacement ratio when accidental eccentricity is not considered should generally be within 1.2. When accidental eccentricity is considered, it should be no more than 1.4. This is an indicator to measure the torsional stiffness. Adjustment (for the long-segment building is the two sides in the long direction), you can increase the shear wall, you can also increase the height of the beam. 4. The ratio of the anti-overturning moment of the frame to the total anti-overturning moment The ratio of the anti-overturning moment of the frame to the total anti-overturning moment is close in two directions and is preferably between 20% and 40%. The software gives the ratio of each layer, as long as the bottom reinforced part is satisfied, according to the stress characteristics of the frame-shear structure, the anti-overturning moment borne by the frame is greater. High regulation 8.1.4, the total shear force of the frame does not need to be adjusted when it is not less than 0.2V0, which is the most sufficient use of materials, but after the previous rounds of adjustment, it is not easy to do this. The specification requires amplification, and the amplification factor is close to 1.0.
We are committed to providing high quality and durable products, functionality and dependability are achievable without drastically higher prices. Eco-friendly SUS 304 stainless steel single handle kitchen faucets, complied with lead-free regulation. Various styles are available for your choice which is widely use in hotels, villas, apartments, restaurants and other places.
Single Handle Kitchen Faucets,Brass Kitchen Faucet,Brass Kitchen Tap,Handle Kitchen Faucets Kaiping Yufa Sanitary Ware Co.,ltd , https://www.yufabathroom.com