Comparison of RFID electronic label and barcode

As one of the automatic identification systems, the barcode technology has matured more than 30 years ago, but few companies were willing to adopt it at that time. Until 1984, Wal-Mart and other large retailers forced their suppliers to adopt the technology. The application of code is expanding rapidly. Now, as the world's top merchandise retail giants Wal-Mart, Chess, and Metro, they require the products provided by their suppliers to have RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, radio frequency identification technology) tags. This is undoubtedly the market demand for Wal-Mart to choose more advanced automatic identification technology. Compared with contact barcode technology, RFID is a non-contact automatic identification technology, which has powerful functions, large information capacity, and readable and writable performance, which makes it more advantageous in commodity circulation.

After a long transition, the automation of library construction from barcode technology to RFID technology has reached a qualitative leap: Singapore Library has increased the borrowing rate by 30 times with RFID technology, saving $ 28 million in annual expenditure and The labor cost of 2000 staff.

1 Introduction to barcodes and RFID tags

1.1 Barcode system

A bar code system is a binary code. This code consists of parallel lines and separated gaps. The sequence of wide and narrow lines or gaps can be interpreted by numbers / letters. Read by a laser scanner (we now call it "light pen"), that is, by different reflections of laser light on black lines and white gaps. Although they have the same physical structure, there are obvious differences between the code structures of about ten types of bar codes used today. The library uses bar codes 39.

1.2 RFID electronic tags

RFID electronic tags are composed of a tag antenna (or coil) and a tag chip. The chip is a single-chip system with wireless transceiver and storage functions. It stores electronic data in a certain format and can identify information as needed. RFID electronic tags are divided into passive tags and active tags. The library uses passive tags (the following tags refer to such tags). After receiving the signal from the reader, the tag sends the information stored in the chip with the energy obtained by the induced current, so it is also called a passive tag. RFID electronic tags can be made into various shapes and sizes, are extremely thin and flexible, and can be pasted on various information carriers other than metal, with high security.

2 Comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the two

When reading a barcode with a light pen, manual operation is inefficient, and it needs to be processed one by one, which is prone to errors, labor-intensive, and greatly affected by environmental conditions. In comparison, RFID electronic tags have more advantages: their reading The device does not require a visible light source, is penetrating, and can directly read information through external materials. It can process multiple RF tags at the same time, batch processing, simplify labor intensity, and track the position of the item in real time, with very low errors The impact is not great. The pros and cons of the two can be seen in the table above.

3 Problems and development prospects of RFID electronic tags

From bar code to RFID electronic tag, it has also experienced the process of continuous development, exploration and improvement of bar code-bar code + RFID electronic tag-RFID electronic tag. The RFID technology cooperates with the library information system to provide a very good opportunity for creating a digital and automated library. However, there are some problems that need to be solved urgently for RFID electronic tags:

(1) Privacy issues: transparent management, effective cost reduction, and security are of great concern.

(2) Technical breakthrough: According to a survey conducted by the organization Auto-ID Center, even if double tags are attached, 3% of RFID cannot be read; only 78% of the volume labels with only one tag are correctly read Out. In addition, RFID tags and readers have directionality and radio frequency identification signals are easily blocked by objects, which is also a major challenge for the future development of radio frequency technology.

(3) Cost reduction: In September 2005, there were continuous reports of second-generation (Gen2) label production and the price reduction of one RFID electronic label after another: Alien Technologies announced that its first-generation Classl label price was 1 million Or more orders will be reduced to 19 cents (see: Alien Technology Company announced that the price of RFID electronic tags has dropped to 12.9 cents), RSI claims that its second-generation tags will be mass-produced or equal to 1 million. Less than 15 cents (see: RSI ID produces 2 million Gen2 tags per month), and Avery Dennison announced that its second-generation embedded module (inlay) can reach 7.9 cents with the same demand ( See: Avery Dennison launches a 7.9 cent Gen2 embedding module). We can't help but think that if we continue like this, the legendary 5 cents RFID electronic tag will soon be realized? At present, the price of RFID electronic tags is still very high. Level 4, Level 5, the higher the level, the more functions, and the higher the price.

(4) Formulation and implementation of international standards: common RFID for libraries; electronic tag specifications are IS015693 standard, 128b ~ EEPROM, 13.56MHz working frequency. The application of RFID tags in libraries, although it still has certain problems, I believe that in the near future, with the continuous improvement of technology, the degree of library automation, intelligence and digitization will be greatly improved, and its development prospects Broad.

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