Commonly used unit conversion

length
1 km ( km ) = 0.621 mile ( mile )
1 meter ( m ) = 3.281 feet ( ft ) = 1.094 yards ( yd )
1 cm ( cm ) = 0.394 inch ( in )
1 angstrom =10-10 meters ( m )
1 mile ( mile ) = 1.609 km ( km )
1 Ying Xun ( fm ) = 1.829 ( m )
1 foot ( ft ) = 0.3048 meters ( m )
1 inch ( in ) = 2.54 cm ( cm )
1 nmile ( mile ) = 1.852 km ( km )
1 chain = 66 feet ( ft ) = 20.1168 meters
1 yard ( yd ) = 0.9144 meters ( m )
1 mil (mil) = 0.0254 millimeters (mm)
1 foot ( ft ) = 12 inches ( in )
1 yard ( yd ) = 3 feet ( ft )
1 shot ( rad ) = 16.5 feet ( ft )
1 mile (mile) = 5280 feet (ft)
1 sea mile (n mile) = 1.1516 miles (Mile)

area
1 square kilometer ( km2 ) = 100 hectares ( ha ) = 247.1 acres ( acre ) = 0.386 square miles ( mile2 )
1 square meter ( m2 ) = 10.764 square feet ( ft2 )
1 acre ( are ) = 100 square meters ( m2 )
1 hectare ( ha ) = 10,000 square meters ( m2 ) = 2.471 acres ( acre )
1 square mile ( mile2 ) = 2.590 square kilometers ( km2 )
1 acre ( acre ) = 0.4047 ha ( ha ) = 4.047 x 10-3 km2 ( km2 ) = 4047 m2 ( m2 )
1 square foot ( ft2 ) = 0.093 square meters (m2)
1 square inch ( in2 ) = 6.452 square centimeters ( cm2 )
1 square yard ( yd2 ) = 0.8361 square meters ( m2 )

volume
1 cubic meter ( m3 ) = 1000 liters ( liter ) = 35.315 cubic feet ( ft3 ) = 6.29 barrels ( bbl )
1 cubic foot ( ft3 ) = 0.0283 cubic meters ( m3 ) = 28.317 liters ( liter )
1 one thousand cubic feet (mcf) = 28.317 cubic meters (m3)
1 million cubic feet ( MMcf ) = 2.8317 million cubic meters ( m3 )
1 billion cubic feet ( bcf ) = 28.317 million cubic meters ( m3 )
1 trillion cubic feet ( tcf ) = 28.317 billion cubic meters ( m3 )
1 cubic inches (in3) = 16.3871 Lifanglimi (cm3)
1 acre • feet = 1234 cubic meters ( m3 )
1 barrel ( bbl ) = 0.159 cubic meters ( m3 ) = 42 gallons ( gal )
1 gal ( gal ) = 3.785 liters ( 1 )
1 US quart ( qt ) = 0.946 liters ( 1 )
1 US pint ( pt ) = 0.473 liters ( 1 )
1 gi ( lig ) = 0.118 liters ( 1 )
1 gallon ( gal ) = 4.546 liters ( 1 )

quality
Some common parameters
Mixed oil: 1 ton = 6.796 equivalent barrels
Medium oil, special oil: 1 ton = 7.428 equivalent barrels
Natural gas: 1 ton = 1255 square gas
1 ton = 7.389 equivalent barrels

1 t ( t ) = 1000 kg ( kg ) = 2205 pounds ( lb ) = 1.102 short tons ( sh.ton ) = 0.984 long tons ( long ton )
1 kg ( kg ) = 2.205 lbs ( lb )
1 short ton ( sh.ton ) = 0.007 tons ( t ) = 2000 pounds ( lb )
1 long ton (long ton) = 1.016 tons (t)
1 pound ( lb ) = 0.454 kg ( kg ) [ Eternal ]
1 ounce ( oz ) = 28.350 grams (g)

density
1 kg / m 3 (kg / m3) = 0.001 g / cm 3 (g / cm3) = 0.0624 lbs / ft 3 (lb / ft3)
1 lbs / ft 3 (lb / ft3) = 16.02 kg / m 3 (kg / m3)
1 lbs / inch 3 (lb / in3) = 27679.9 kg / m 3 (kg / m3)
1 lbs / US gallon (lb / gal) = 119.826 kg / m 3 (kg / m3)
1 lbs / gal England (lb / gal) = 99.776 kg / m 3 (kg / m3)
1 lbs / (petroleum) barrel (lb / bbl) = 2.853 kg / m 3 (kg / m3)
1 Baume Density ( B ) = Specific Gravity at 140/15.5 °C - 130
API degree = specific gravity at 141.5/15.5 °C - 131.5

Kinematic viscosity
1 ft / sec (ft2 / s) = 9.29030 × 10-2 m2 / sec (m2 / s)
1 Si (St) = 10-4 m2 / sec (m2 / s) = 1 cm / sec (cm2 / s)
1 centistoke (cSt) = 10-6 m2 / sec (m2 / s) = 1 mm2 / s (mm2 / s)

dynamic viscosity
1 poise ( P ) = 0.1 Pa • s ( Pa•s )
1 centipoise (cP) = 10-3 Pascal • second (Pa • s)
1 kg force sec / m 2 (kgf • s, m2) = 9.80665 Pascal • second (Pa • s)
1 lbs force sec / ft 2 (lbf • s / ft2) = 47.8803 Pascal • second (Pa • s)

force
1 Newton ( N ) = 0.225 pounds force ( lbf ) = 0,102 kilograms force ( kgf )
1 kg force ( kgf ) = 9.81 N ( N )
1 lbf ( lbf ) = 4.45 Newtons ( N )
1 dyne (dyn) = 10-5 Newtons (N)

pressure
1 bar (bar) = 105 Pascal (Pa)
1 kilopascals (kPa) = 0.145 lbf / inch 2 (psi) = 0.0102 kgf / cm 2 (kgf / cm2) = 0.0098 atm (atm)
1 lbs / inch 2 (psi) = 6.895 kilopascals (kPa) = 0.0703 kgf / cm 2 (kg / cm2) = 0.0689 bar (bar) = 0.068 atmospheres (atm)
1 physical atmosphere (atm) = 101.325 kilopascals (kPa) = 14.696 lb / inch 2 (psi) = 1.0333 bar (bar)
1 project atmospheric pressure = 98.0665 kPa ( kPa )
1 mm water column ( mmH2O ) = 9.80665 Pa ( Pa )
1 mm Hg ( mmHg ) = 133.322 Pa ( Pa )
1 torr (Torr) = 133.322 Pa (Pa)
1 dyne / cm 2 (dyn / cm2) = 0.1 Pa (Pa)

temperature
K = 5/9 ( °F+459.67 )
K= °C +273.15
n°F=[(n-32)×5/9] °C
n °C = (5/9•n+32) °F
1°F=5/9 °C (temperature difference)

Heat transfer coefficient
1 kcal / (m 2 • • ℃) [1kcal / (m2 • h • ℃ ) ] = 1.16279 W / (m 2 • Kelvin) [w / (m2 • K)]
1 Btu / (ft when 2 • • ° F) [Btu / (ft2 • h • ° F) ]
= 5.67826 W / (m 2 • Kelvin) [(w / m2 • K)] 1 m 2 • • ℃ / kcal (m2 • h • ℃ / kcal )
= 0.86000 m 2 • Kelvin / Watt ( m2•K/W )
1 kcal / m 2 • when (kcal / m2 • h) = 1.16279 W / m 2 (w / m2)

Thermal conductivity
1 kcal (when m • • deg.] C) [kcal / (m • h • ℃ ) ] = 1.16279 W / (m • Kelvin) [W / (m • K)]
1 BTU / (ft • hour •°F ) [ But/(ft•h•°F) ] = 1.7303 W / (m • Kelvin) [ W/(m•K) ]

Specific heat
1 kcal / (kg • deg.] C) [kcal / (kg • ℃)] = 1 Btu / (lb • ° F) [Btu / (lb • ° F)] = 4186.8 J / (kg • Kelvin) [ J/ ( kg•K )〕

Thermal power
1 Joule = 0.10204 kg • M = 2.778 × 10 - 7 kW • Hour = 3.777 × 10 - 7 metric hours
= 3.723 × 10 - 7 inches of horsepower hours = 2.389 × 10 - 4 kcal = 9.48 × 10 - 4 thermal units
1 card ( cal ) = 4.1868 joules ( J )
1 British thermal unit ( Btu ) = 1055.06 joules ( J )
1 kg of force ( kgf•m ) = 9.80665 joules ( J )
1 foot pound force ( ft•lbf ) = 1.355582 joules ( J )
1 metric hp hour ( hp•h ) = 2.64779 x 106 joules ( J )
1 British horse hour ( UKHp•h ) = 2.684542 x 106 joules
1 kilowatt-hour ( kW•h ) = 3.6 x 106 joules ( J )
1 kcal = 4186.75 joules ( J )

power
1 kg force • m / s (kgf • m / s) = 9.80665 watts (w)
1 metric horsepower ( hp ) =735.499 watts ( W )
1 card / second ( cal/s ) = 4.1868 watts ( W )
1 British thermal unit / hour ( Btu/h ) = 0.293071 watts ( W )

speed
1 foot / second ( ft/s ) = 0.3048 meters / second ( m/s )
1 mile / h (mile / h) = 0.44704 m / s (m / s)

Permeability
1 Darcy = 1000 millidarcy
1 square centimeter ( cm2 ) = 9.81 x 107 Darcy

Geothermal gradient
1°F/100 feet = 1.8 °C / 100 meters ( °C /m )
1 °C / km = 2.9°F/ mile ( °F/mile ) = 0.055°F/100 ft ( °F/ft )

Oil and gas production
1 barrel ( bbl ) = 0.14 tons ( t ) (crude oil, global average)
1 t ( t ) = 7.3 barrels ( bbl ) ( crude oil, global average )
1 barrel / day ( bpd ) = 50 tons / year ( t/a ) (crude oil, global average)
1 000 cubic feet / day ( Mcfd ) = 28.32 m3 / day ( m3/d ) = 10,336 thousand meters / year ( m3/a )
1 million cubic feet per day ( MMcfd ) = 28,032 cubic meters per day ( m3/d ) = 10,335,500 cubic meters per year ( m3/a )
One billion cubic feet per day ( bcfd ) = 0.2832 billion cubic meters per day ( m3/d ) = 10.336 billion cubic meters per year ( m3/a )
1 trillion cubic feet per day ( tcfd ) = 28.32 billion cubic meters per day ( m3/d ) = 10.336 trillion cubic meters per year ( m3/a )

Gas oil ratio
1 cubic foot / barrel ( cuft/bbl ) = 0.2067 cubic meter / ton ( m3/t )

Heat value
1 = 5.8 × 106 barrels of crude oil British thermal units (Btu)
1 cubic meter of moisture = 3.909 x 104 British thermal units ( Btu )
1 cubic meter of dry gas = 3.577 x 104 British thermal units ( Btu )
1 ton of coal = 2.406 × 107 British thermal units (Btu)
1 kilowatt-hour hydropower = 1.0235 x 104 British heat ( Btu )
(The above is the average heating value of the United States in 1990 )
(Source: US National Bureau of Standards)

Thermal Equivalent
1 barrel of crude oil = 5800 cubic feet of natural gas (calculated as average calorific value)
1 kg crude oil = 1.4286 kg standard coal
1 cubic meter natural gas = 1.3300 kg standard coal

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