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In recent years, the use of waste paper as a raw material for the production of paper and paperboard has had significant economic and social benefits, and this practice has been rapidly promoted throughout the country. Among them, Guangdong, Henan, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong and other provinces have developed even more rapidly.
Papermaking industry in Zhejiang Province has adjusted the structure of raw materials since the 1980s, and has strongly advocated and promoted the use of waste paper for papermaking. It has achieved success. Now the proportion of waste paper in the province's papermaking fiber raw materials exceeds 76%, which has reached the level of foreign recycling and waste paper countries. Advanced level. The proportion of waste paper in papermaking fiber in Guangdong Province has also exceeded 60%.
The utilization of waste paper in China has grown rapidly with the development of the paper industry. The amount of waste pulp increased from 7.6 million tons in 1995 to 12.3 million tons in 2000, which accounted for 41% of the total amount of paper pulp. However, it was far behind the level of some developed countries in the world, and the potential for recycling waste paper in China was quite high. Big.
Some large companies have spotted this opportunity, adjusted the structure of raw materials, introduced advanced technology and equipment, and used their large production capacity to help boost China's use of waste paper.
According to Chen Bingzhao, head of the Shanghai marketing department of Voith China Representative Office, the 200,000 tons of light-coated paper production line introduced by Huatai Group in 2002 has used the world's best and largest production lines produced by Voith. Scale waste paper deinking line. The reporter learned that 85% of the raw material of the production line is imported American waste paper. The information from Finland’s Metso Beijing representative office also showed that the large-scale production of high-end equipment produced by Metso Finland, which was introduced in the past two years by major companies such as Kyrgyzstan Paper, Yue Paper and Shandong Bohui, was also quite high, and most of them were also imported waste paper.
Since the reform and opening up, China has imported more than 50 waste paper processing lines from abroad, including unbleached kraft paper and corrugated box waste paper, used newspapers, and other waste paper processing equipment. The largest waste paper production line has a daily production capacity of 500 tons.
At present, enterprises are still working on the introduction of high-end equipment. The reporter learned from the representative office of Metso Beijing in Finland that, recently, Metso Finland and Ningbo Ningxing Development Co., Ltd. of Zhejiang signed a contract for the supply of complete cardboard manufacturing lines. The new production line is scheduled to start in the third quarter of 2004. The assembly line is the world's largest paperboard production line. It produces white noodles made from recycled fiber, uses waste paper to make paperboard (WLC), and has a designed production capacity of more than 2,000 tons of Nissan cardboard.
In recent years, domestic light industry machinery factories and research departments have done a lot of work on the research and development of waste paper processing equipment. Some of the equipment they have developed is close to the advanced level in foreign countries, and the price is reasonable, which is very suitable for the use of SMEs. This undoubtedly makes it possible for SMEs to increase their new production capacity. The increase in new production capacity undoubtedly puts pressure on the domestically-used waste paper market, which is not well-abundant. Large companies with strong capabilities began to consider importing waste paper more.
The reporter learned from the Center for Paper Secondary Fiber Association of China National Light Industry Group that in recent years, the main component of foreign waste paper is wood fiber, which is of good quality and high value of use, and can improve product quality, and is increasingly favored by domestic enterprises. . In 1995, China imported 901,000 tons of waste paper and reached 6.42 million tons in 2001, and the import volume is still increasing year by year.
According to news from the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, as a port of Guangdong, one of the major ports for the import of waste paper in China, the import of waste paper continued to increase from January to October 2002, with a total import of 1.714 million tons, an increase of 8.1% over the same period of 2001.
At present, because China's waste paper recycling rate is still relatively low, most of the waste paper is imported from the United States. The annual export volume of waste paper in the United States ranges from 7.5 million tons to 8 million tons, and in 2001 it was 9.55 million tons. In 2001, China's waste paper imports amounted to 6.42 million tons, which is very dependent on American waste paper.
Some experts believe that under the condition that domestic waste paper recycling is not ideal, there is still a long time to rely on the import of American waste paper. However, changes in demand and price fluctuations in the US waste paper market have brought increasing pressure on domestic paper mills. Relying on imported American waste paper to “live†is certainly not a long-term solution. Faced with this reality, China must have new countermeasures. First, it must develop new countries of origin, and second, rely on policies to increase the recycling rate of waste paper in China.
In this regard, relevant personnel of the China Light Industry Group Papermaking Secondary Fiber Utilization Collaboration Center said that last year, the United States port workers’ strikes caused a shortage of waste paper in the international market. This incident also affected China's production enterprises that use imported waste paper as the main raw material. Many domestic paper-making enterprises were forced to stop production due to lack of waste paper materials.
In order to prevent domestic companies from being affected too much by the American waste paper market, the China Light Industry Group Papermaking Secondary Fiber Utilization Collaboration Center has been working hard to open up channels to seek sources of wastepaper other than the United States and to help companies introduce from Japan. Waste paper, but this made Japan's domestic waste paper supply tight. Due to the large demand for waste paper in Japan, Japan’s export of waste paper to China has recently declined.
Some experts advise companies not to superstitiously import imported waste paper. For China's waste paper, it has always been of concern to the quality problem because of the excessive content of straw pulp in the past. However, in recent years, there have been new and large-scale paper machines in operation in China. Many of these paper machines use a high percentage of imported pulp raw materials, and the quality of paper and paperboard produced is higher, and the wood pulp content of domestic waste paper has also been greatly improved.
The relevant personnel of the China Light Industry Group Papermaking Secondary Fiber Utilization Collaboration Center believes that some domestic waste paper is not worse than similar foreign varieties. For example, the internal quality of domestic newsprint waste paper and imports is almost the same, but some types of waste paper are more than imported. The waste paper is worse. This is mainly due to the multiple use of fiber and the use of straw in these varieties, resulting in a large number of small fibers, high chemical content, reduced strength, and affect quality.
The reporter interviewed some paper mills. They reported that the most troublesome thing for them was the problem of waste paper raw materials. In recent years, although the state has introduced some policies to support the recovery of waste paper, the “remote water†policy effect cannot solve the “thirsty†situation in which companies are eager to use waste paper. The company has taken the initiative to recycle waste paper, but most of them have no Come back.
According to a person in charge of the Beijing Paper 7 Factory Office, the company had engaged in some waste paper recycling stations in Beijing in the past few years, but it ended up with high operating costs and a tedious process.
The market manager of the Beijing Pinggu Waste Material Trading Center stated that waste paper is one of the waste products that are not sold. A stall owner said that his stalls used discarded cardboard, books and newspapers, and the business was very good. The main customers are paper mills in Baoding.
In fact, this phenomenon is more common in the country. China's waste paper acquisition and operation is decentralized, with too many links, categorization is not fine, and the secondary price of waste paper is high, which affects recovery and utilization and greatly increases the cost of the enterprise.
In this regard, the relevant person of the China National Light Industry Group Papermaking Secondary Fiber Utilization Center believes that in China, large waste paper recycling is a waste collection point. They monopolize a considerable amount of waste paper resources. In Beijing, some retail stores, supermarkets, and other units have fixed hawkers for waste containers and waste paper. The paper mills are not easy to get into. Because hawker business practices are "flexible." In Shanghai, too, some large paper companies have devoted manpower and material resources to purchasing waste paper, but they cannot compete with hawkers.
To this end, experts have proposed that the reform of waste paper acquisition and operation methods and the implementation of industrialized management are imminent.
However, the current situation of waste paper recycling is not optimistic. Because in the next two to three years, China's cardboard production capacity will increase by 2 million tons to 300 million tons. These increased production capacity will almost entirely use waste paper as raw material. In the 21st century, the consumption demand for paper products in the Chinese market will increase at an alarming rate. It is estimated that the consumption of paper products in China will reach 75 million tons in 2015. By then, the demand for waste paper will reach 28 million tons, far exceeding the current 12 million tons. There is a large gap in the demand for waste paper. It seems that import alone is not a solution and must be tapped in domestic areas.
Due to the rapid increase in domestic paper consumption, a large increase in the recycling of waste paper is made possible. The current problem is to speed up the establishment of waste paper recycling system; to cultivate a group of competitive large waste paper recycling enterprise groups; to build a number of Different levels, different types, and different sizes of waste paper recycling bases and standardized waste paper trading markets; it is necessary to do a good job of classified recycling and classification processing to ensure the rational use of waste paper resources.
Recycling domestic waste paper at a low level, carefully importing left and right paper
In recent years, there has been a group of figures who are often talked about by the paper industry: “Each used 1 ton of waste paper by a paper mill is equivalent to saving 3 cubic meters of wood, 1.2 tons of standard coal, 600 degrees of electricity, 100 cubic meters of water, 300 kilograms Chemical raw materials, while saving a lot of environmental management costs.†For this group of attractive figures, the paper industry created a wave of higher than the wave of paper waste paper. However, due to the sharp increase in the production capacity of papermaking using imported waste paper, and the zero-tariff import of waste paper, it has also contributed to the decline. On the other hand, the recovery of domestic waste paper has been at a low level, making foreign paper waste in terms of supply and price. It directly affects the production of quite a few companies in China's paper industry. To this end, relevant experts pointed out that reforming waste paper acquisition and management methods and increasing the recycling of domestic waste paper is imminent.