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one. Flocking fabrics analysis
To perform various printing on flocked fabrics, a more complete understanding of the structure and properties of the flocked fabrics is required.
Flocking cloth is a kind of product that uses high voltage electrostatic field to plant short fibers on the gray cloth, that is, printing adhesive on the surface of the substrate, and then using a certain voltage electrostatic field to make the short fiber vertically accelerating planted with adhesive. On grey cloth. Although its processing process is simple, but also involves the reasonable cooperation of electrochemical, fiber and mechanical technology to ensure the best style of flocking products, and flocking cloth to be reprinted, including fluff, adhesive and fluff The choice of dyed dyes is crucial.
1. Fluff
From the flocking point of view, the most commonly used fluff is viscose and nylon fiber. Viscose fiber is made from wood as a raw material through a certain chemical processing, in which the crystal area of ​​the fiber is 30~40%, and the degree of polymerization is about 250~500. Due to the high crystalline area of ​​the viscose fiber, the dye is not easily penetrated, and it is generally difficult to obtain good blackness when dyeing black. Special dyes and dyeing methods must be used. At the same time, because of its low degree of polymerization, the fiber strength is much lower than nylon. The dyes that are generally suitable for viscose fibers are direct, reactive, vulcanized, etc. Nafficient is also acceptable but is rarely used. Viscose does not soften at high temperatures, does not melt, and begins to change color at 260~300°C.
Nylon fiber is a high molecular material in which amino acid and diamine amino acid or propionamide are linked together through amide bonds. Nylon fiber has good elasticity, high strength, wear resistance, and durability. It is a kind of thermoplastic fiber, commonly used nylon 6 Nylon 66. Nylon fiber has good elasticity and luster, but nylon 66 will be yellow at 150°C, soften at 230°C, melt at 250°C, and nylon 6 will soften at 180°C and melt at 215°C. Therefore, in the process of dyeing wool, flocking and printing, we must first find out what kind of fibers are used to properly select dyes and processes based on their properties so as not to cause unnecessary losses during processing.
2. Adhesives
The binder chosen for flocking plays an important role in the post-printing and post-processing industry. Commonly used adhesives are classified into a foreign-type adhesive and a self-crosslinking adhesive. The diplomatic coupling agent contains groups such as a carboxyl group (-C00H), an amide group (-C-NH2), and an amino group (-NH3) capable of cross-linking with a functional group having a cross-linking agent. When the film is formed, it can react with the external adhesive to form a mesh film, thereby fixing the fluff on the base cloth.
Self-crosslinking adhesives are molecules that contain self-crosslinking molecular chains, such as hydroxymethyl (-CH2-OH), epoxy (-CH-CH2), and also have a group that can participate in copolymerization. Hydroxymethylacrylamide (CH2=CH-CONHCH2OH) or glycidyl methacrylate (CH2=C-COOCH2-CH-CH2) reacts with other monomers to open the double bond.
At present, these two types of adhesives are used in flocking. When the diplomatic adhesives are used, a certain amount of cross-linking agents and catalysts are first added, but they must be used immediately after preparation, especially after adding catalysts. For a long time, cross-linking may occur at room temperature and affect the use, which is a cause for concern during operation. Self-crosslinking adhesives have a longer shelf life, such as the use of a small amount of cross-linking agent, increasing the depth of cross-linking is more conducive to improving the flocking fastness. So what about bonding and flocking process and printing? Many factories dedicated to flocking printing have some hair loss phenomena due to the incompatibility of the front and back processes. In addition to the fastness of adhesives, the baking temperature and time of flocking are very important, that is, all adhesives must be crosslinked. , but it will not damage the fluff. In general, there are several requirements for the selection of flocking adhesives:
1) The binding force of the adhesive to the fabric and the fluff must be large, and the hand should be soft.
2) moderate viscosity, good chemical stability, suitable for rotary screen squeegee, will not block the net.
3) Washable, and meets the fastness index of various clothing fabrics.
4) It is easy to operate and harmless to the human body. It is a green product.
3. dyeing
Dyed fluff is a very important part in flocking fabrics. Shade dyed shades and physical and chemical indexes must meet certain requirements.
From flocking, the first step of fluff dyeing is to satisfy the alignment of light, and to eliminate color during the flocking process. After flocking, if the printing process is to be carried out again, the dyed fluff must be able to withstand the processing of each process in the entire printing process. The flocking fabric in air-steaming, hot-water washing or soaping and acid-alkali has good stability. If it is to do discharge printing, the dye in the dyed fluff must not be resistant to the reducing agent, which is very important for the selection of the dye when dyeing, otherwise it will make the degree of whitening not the same each time, even if the uniform printing process will get Different products, so you can only produce some self-selling products, and can not pick up orders. This is a failure in flocking. In general, the choice of dyestuffs must meet the following requirements:
1) The compatibility of fight-color dyes is better and there is a similar dyeing curve.
2) The various color fastness indicators of dyes meet customer requirements.
3) In dyeing and printing, dyes with dyed hair must not be resistant to reducing agents, and whitening is better. Generally, semi-dyeing dyes cannot be used.
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