palisade fences are commonly used for residential, commercial, and industrial purposes due to their strength and ability to withstand harsh weather conditions.
A Palisade Fence is a type of fence made up of vertical metal posts, called palisades, that are embedded into the ground. The palisades are typically pointed at the top to deter climbing or scaling. This type of fence is often used for security purposes, as it provides a strong physical barrier that is difficult to breach. Palisade fences are commonly seen around commercial properties, industrial sites, and high-security areas.The pales are typically pointed or angled at the top to deter climbing and provide a formidable barrier against intruders.
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Palisade fences come in a variety of heights, colors, and styles to suit different needs and preferences. They are an effective way to secure a property while also providing a visually appealing boundary.
Human colon cancer antigen (CCA) elisa kit instruction manual
**Human Colon Cancer Antigen (CCA) ELISA Kit – User Manual**
This ELISA kit is designed for the quantitative determination of Human Colon Cancer Antigen (CCA) in human serum, plasma, urine, cell culture supernatants, and tissue homogenates. The kit employs a sandwich ELISA method, using specific antibodies to capture CCA from the sample. A horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled secondary antibody is then used to detect the captured antigen, with color development measured at 450 nm.
**Kit Specifications:**
- **Configuration:** 48-well or 96-well format
- **Standard Dilution:** 1.5 ml × 1 vial
- **Enzyme Standard Reagent:** 3 ml × 1 vial (48-well), 6 ml × 1 vial (96-well)
- **Storage Conditions:** 2–8°C
- **Shelf Life:** 6 months from the date of manufacture
**Kit Components:**
- 2 sealing films (48/96 wells)
- 1 standard: 2700 ng/L, 0.5 ml × 1 vial
- Enzyme-labeled antibody: 3 ml × 1 vial (48), 6 ml × 1 vial (96)
- TMB Substrate A: 3 ml × 1 vial (48), 6 ml × 1 vial (96)
- TMB Substrate B: 3 ml × 1 vial (48), 6 ml × 1 vial (96)
- Wash Buffer (20×): 20 ml × 20 times or 20 ml × 30 times in one bottle
- Sample Diluent: 3 ml × 1 vial (48), 6 ml × 1 vial (96)
**Principle of Operation:**
The microplate is pre-coated with a specific anti-CCA monoclonal antibody. After incubation with the sample, CCA binds to the immobilized antibody. An HRP-conjugated secondary antibody is added, forming a complex. After washing, TMB substrate is added, and the reaction is stopped with an acidic solution. The intensity of the color is directly proportional to the concentration of CCA in the sample.
**Sample Preparation Guidelines:**
- **Serum:** Allow blood to clot at room temperature for 10–20 minutes, then centrifuge at 2000–3000 rpm for 20 minutes.
- **Plasma:** Use EDTA or sodium citrate as anticoagulant, mix well, and centrifuge similarly.
- **Urine:** Centrifuge at 2000–3000 rpm for 20 minutes.
- **Cell Culture Supernatant:** Centrifuge at 2000–3000 rpm for 20 minutes after collection.
- **Tissue Homogenate:** Weigh the tissue, add PBS (pH 7.4), homogenize, and centrifuge.
**Operation Steps:**
1. Prepare standard dilutions in a serial manner (1800, 1200, 600, 300, 150 ng/L).
2. Add 40 μL of sample diluent and 10 μL of sample to each test well (final dilution 5×).
3. Seal the plate and incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes.
4. Wash 5 times with diluted wash buffer (30×).
5. Add 50 μL of enzyme-labeled reagent to each well (except blank).
6. Incubate again at 37°C for 30 minutes.
7. Add 50 μL of TMB A and B, incubate at 37°C for 15 minutes.
8. Stop the reaction by adding 50 μL of stop solution.
9. Measure OD at 450 nm within 15 minutes.
**Data Analysis:**
Plot the standard curve using the standard concentrations on the x-axis and the corresponding OD values on the y-axis. Calculate the sample concentration using linear regression or by interpolating from the standard curve. Multiply the result by the dilution factor to obtain the actual concentration.
**Notes and Recommendations:**
- Allow the kit to equilibrate to room temperature before use.
- Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
- Do not mix reagents from different batches.
- Keep all components away from light and moisture.
- All waste should be treated as biohazardous material.
- For best results, perform duplicate measurements and prepare a standard curve for each run.
**Performance Characteristics:**
- Intra-assay CV < 9%, Inter-assay CV < 11%
- Correlation coefficient (R²) ≥ 0.95
- Detection range: 0.2 IU/L – 6 IU/L
**Technical Support:**
Our team offers free technical assistance during working hours. If needed, we can also provide sample testing services to ensure optimal performance.
**Warranty & Service:**
We guarantee the quality of our products. Please contact us for any issues or further information.
**Note:** This manual is provided in English. In case of discrepancies, the English version shall prevail.
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