Layout is the basic form of news and publication information, the image and thought of news publication, and the language of news publication. The use of advanced typesetting tools for the components of the application layout and artistic and creative layout are the basics for news publications to enrich culture and penetrate art. Therefore, the correct application of typesetting software and tools on the basis of full understanding of the layout and composition is the key to the efficient, artistic and standardized production of various news publications. Therefore, only by correctly understanding and mastering the layout of the layout and layout rules, can we effectively use the various tools of typesetting software and discharge the layout that meets the standards and specifications. I. Basic layout and typesetting     The basic knowledge of layout and typesetting mainly includes layout elements, typesetting technical terms, the role of proofreading symbols and various layouts. This knowledge is an indispensable part of the laser photocopying process. A qualified process designer and operator can only achieve high efficiency and high quality by mastering the “layout language†and some typesetting process knowledge. Composition of books 2. Layout components 3. Copy 5. Common typesetting terms (1) Cover (also known as cover, front cover, cover, and written) The cover has the name of the book, the author, the name of the translator, and the name of the publisher. The cover plays a role in beautifying books and protecting book blocks.
The composition of the layout
As we all know, a book is usually composed of cover, title page, copyright page (including content summary and copyright), preface, directory, text, postscript, reference, appendix and other parts.
The title page is also called the inside seal and the inside seal. The content is basically the same as the cover. It often includes the name of the series, the name of the deputy title, the names of all the translators, the year and place of publication. The title page is generally without a pattern and is generally printed with the text.
The copyright page is also called the version record page and the version description page. It is an introduction to the history of a book since its inception. It provides readers with information on the publication of this book, and is attached to the lower part of the title page, the lower part of the last page of the book, or the fourth seal. The lower right part (refers to the horizontal version), its upper part of the majority of printed content summary. The copyright page has the title, author, publisher, printer, and publisher, as well as the draft, edition, print, stamp, print, number, date, regular, and book number. Among them, the printed sheets are the basic units used by a printing plant to calculate the layout, printing, and paper of a book. Generally, one full sheet of paper is printed on one side to be called a printed sheet, and the other side is also called a printed sheet on the opposite side. The number of words is calculated in each layout. The number of words in each layout is equal to the number of words in each line of each layout multiplied by the number of lines. The number of words in the entire book is equal to the number of pages in each layout multiplied by the number of pages in the layout, table, formula, and blank. Lines are calculated in full version, so "word count" does not refer to the actual number of words in the book.
The layout refers to the sum of the graphic and blank parts of one side of the books and newspapers, that is, the width of one page of books and periodicals around the plated hearts and printing hearts. Through the layout can see the layout of the entire design, layout components shown in Figure 2.1.
The Layout Center is located in the center of the layout, with the body text.
The text and symbols that are arranged in the upper part of the edition of the book are collectively referred to as the book brow. It includes page numbers, text, and a brow line. Generally used to retrieve chapters.
Page Number The page text has a page number on each side. The general page number is on the side of the book cutout. In the printing industry, one page number is called one side, and two page numbers on the front and back are called one page.
Annotations are also called notes, notes, explanations and supplements to the content of the text or to a word. In the word line, the name of the note is placed at the bottom of each side of the footnote or face behind the note, page after the note, ranked after each article after the post-note, followed by the book after the postscript. In the text, identify the note number of the note.
The size of the layout is called open-book, and the open-book format is based on the whole sheet of paper. How many small sheets are cut and folded for each full sheet of paper is called the number of copies. China's customary naming convention is named after geometric progression, as shown in the figure below.
The common sizes of domestically produced papers are mainly the following:
The 787×1092 mm flat base paper size is the main size of the current cultural paper in China. Most of the existing papermaking and printing machinery in the country are produced and applied to papers of this size. At present, Southeast Asian countries also use paper of this size, which has been rarely used in other regions.
850 × 1168 mm is 787 × 1092 mm in order to meet the needs of a larger opening on the basis of 25 open, this size of paper is mainly used for the need of a larger open-book, the so-called large 32-opening books is to use this Paper.
880 × 1230 mm paper is larger than other similarly-sized copies. Therefore, the paper's utilization rate is higher when printing, and the type is also more beautiful and elegant. It is a common international standard.
4. Version of heart
The size of books and magazines is decided by the size of the book. The edition of the book is too small and the capacity of the word is reduced. The overprint of the edition is detrimental to the beauty of the layout. The space between words in general is less than the space between rows and rows; the space between rows and rows is less than the space between sections and paragraphs; the space between paragraphs and paragraphs is smaller than the space between them.
The specific dimensions of the width and height of the edition heart are determined according to the size of the text, the number of lines per side, and the number of words per line. The number of rows per face is also affected by the line spacing. In the printing standard terminology, the space between a word line and a word line is called an inter-line space, and the distance between the line center line and the line center line is called the line spacing. However, Founder and Huaguang typesetting systems refer to line spacing in standard terms. There are also 5/8, 3/4 kinds of air methods in the space between books. Table 2.1 lists the number of layouts and sizes of different layouts, different lines, and different layouts.
Note: If you add a book, you should reduce the number of lines per page. The number of words and lines is calculated on the Chinese character No.5.
(2) The seal (also known as seal 2) refers to the back page of the cover. The seal is generally blank, but it is often used in journals to print a catalogue, or related pictures.
(3) The back cover (also called seal 3) refers to the inside page of the back cover. The back cover is generally a blank page, but it is often used in journals to print text or images other than text or other text.
(4) Back cover (also known as seal four, bottom seal) The book is printed with a unified book number and pricing at the bottom right of the back cover, and the journal prints a copyright page on the back cover, or used to print the text and pictures of the directory and other non-text parts.
(5) Spine (also known as spine) The spine refers to the spine that joins the cover and back cover. Books on the spine are usually printed with titles, volumes (volumes, episodes, volumes), authors, names of translators, and names of publishers for easy search.
(6) Book crown is the part of the book name printed on the cover.
(7) Footer Footer refers to the part of the name of the publishing unit printed below the cover.
(8) Title sheet (also known as the inside cover or the sub cover) The title page is a page before the book cover or backing page and before the text. The title page, the name of the author or translator, the date of publication and publication, etc. are generally printed on the title page. The title page also plays a decorative role, increasing the beauty of the book.
(9) Interleaf inserts are individual pages that have been printed in a book, printed with figures or tables, where the layout exceeds the open range. Sometimes also means that the layout does not exceed the size of the opening, the size of the paper is the same as the size of the open, but pages printed in paper or color different from the text are used.
(10) The chapter page (also referred to as a "middle page" or "separate page") The page of a chapter is a single page with the title, section, or chapter name printed in front of each chapter of the text and chapter. The chapter page can only use single code and double code to leave blank. The chapter page is inserted after the double code, which is generally used for the calculation of the secret code or excluding the page number. The chapter page is sometimes printed on colored paper to show the difference.
(11) The catalogue is a record of chapter titles and section titles in books and periodicals. It serves as a topic index to facilitate readers' search. The catalogue is generally placed in front of the body of the book (in the periodical, due to the limitations of the printed sheets, the catalogue is often placed on the seal 2, seal 3, or seal 4).
(12) Copyright page The copyright page refers to the version of the record page. Copyright page, according to the relevant provisions of the book name, author or translator name, publishing house, publisher, printer, version, print times, prints, open, print, word count, publication date, pricing, book number, etc. project. The book copyright page is generally printed at the bottom of the back page of the title page. The copyright page is mainly for readers to understand the publication of books. It is often attached to the front and back of the text of the books.
(13) The index index is classified into a topic index, a content index, a noun index, a scientific name index, a person name index, and the like. The index is a textual description of a portion other than the text, which is generally arranged with a smaller font and double columns behind the text. The index is marked with a page number for readers to find. The role of indexing in science and technology books is very important, it can enable readers to quickly find the information needed to find.
(14) Layout format refers to the entire format of the body of the book, including the body and title fonts, font size, layout size, banner, double column, number of lines per page, number of lines per line, line spacing, and layout of the table and picture. Wait.
(15) Version Heart Edition refers to the text portion of each page, including chapter, section headings, body text, figures, tables, formulas, etc.
(16) The edition of the mouth refers to the limit of the edition center, and in a certain sense it refers to the version. Strictly speaking, the layout is based on the area of ​​the layout to calculate the range, and the layout of the layout is to calculate the range around the perimeter.
(17) Overprinting port The overprinting port refers to a layout that exceeds the limits of the left and right or upper and lower printing ports. When a drawing or a table exceeds the edition on the left and right, it is referred to as a hypergraph or a hypergraph.
(18) The straight (vertical) arrangement refers to the version where the mouth is on the left, the mouth is on the right, the text is from top to bottom, and the word line is printed from right to left. It is generally used for ancient books.
(19) The horizontal layout is the version where the mouth is on the right, the mouth is on the left, the text is from left to right, and the lines are printed from top to bottom.
(20) The title of the journal, also known as "head" and "head flower," is used to indicate the nature of an article or a version, and is also an ornamental decoration. The titles are usually on the top or left corner of the headline of newspapers, magazines, poetry and prose.
(21) Breaking the fence is also called hurdles. Most newspapers and magazines are arranged in columns, and this type of chart or table that does not fit in one column extends to another column and the row that occupies multiple columns is called row break.
(22) Tiantou Tiantou refers to the empty space at the top of each page.
(23) Ground footing refers to the empty space at the bottom of each page.
(24) A dark page number, also called a dark code, refers to pages that do not have page numbers but occupy page numbers. Generally used for overprinting heart illustrations, insert sheets, blank pages or slip sheets.
(25) The page has the same meaning as Zhang. One page is the two sides (the front and back pages of the page are two pages). It should be noted that the concepts on the other pages and the other face are different.
(26) Another page starting from another page refers to an article starting from a single code (such as a collection of articles). If the first article ends with a single page number and the second article also requires another page, a double-coded blank surface must be left after the last article, ie, a blank code is placed, and each article requires another page. The starting row method is mostly used for single-print printing.
(27) From the other side, it means that an article can start from the single and double codes, but it must be started separately, and it cannot be linked to the previous article.
(28) The table note refers to the notes and descriptions of the table. Generally, they are listed below the table, and some are within the table. The line length of the table note should not exceed the length of the table.
(29) Legends Legends are illustrations and explanations of illustrations. Generally ranked below the graph title, a few rows above the graph title. The length of the legend should generally not exceed the length of the map.
(30) Back-and-forth vocabulary refers to the end of one side, and no headline follows. Typographical prohibition appears in the specification, and should be avoided when there is an issue. The solution is to add a line to this page, shrink or leave a blank space and move the title to the next page.